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Spirulina is an economically important microalga belonging to the genus Arthrospira in the family Oscillatoriaceae, a prokaryote. The algal trichome is composed of a single row of cells, forming an unbranched filament without heterocysts. It typically appears blue-green and has a regular spiral curling structure; overall, it can be cylindrical, spindle-shaped, or dumbbell-shaped. Both ends of the trichome are slightly thinner, with the terminal cells being blunt or having a cap-like structure.

It usually lacks a sheath, but occasionally has a thin and transparent sheath. The cells are cylindrical, and there are distinct transverse septa between cells, with  no or minimal constriction at the septum sites. Under a microscope, the body shape of Spirulina appears spiral, hence its name.

Spirulina has a high protein content and contains a special pigment protein called phycocyanin, as well as carotene and vitamins. It also contains essential macronutrients and micronutrients required by the human body. Humans have a long history of consuming spirulina. Commercial cultivation is mainly used to produce health supplements, high-end aquatic feed, and extract phycocyanin, among other applications.https://www.julyherb.com/